Can A Weak Battery Cause Misfire. A bad battery terminal CAN cause it its not impossible but doubtfully because all the battery would have to have such a dramatic voltage spike in order to cause components to cause misfire plus itd have to happen more than once in order to fire up that CEL. A duff battery wont cause a misfire until its voltage reaches 12v or less.

I suggect changing out that battery asap. With a faulty battery theres bound be low voltage at the cars computer which may cause the check engine light to come on. But after 5 years its time too replace it.
Needed to be replaced anyway.
Once I replaced the battery no more misfire and no more strange unrelated messages. This condition can further lead to lean fuel. Faulty throttle position sensor. A bad battery can also cause an engine to misfire because it cannot maintain enough power to get the engine running at its optimum temperature.
